Ubuntu Desktop Download Mirror

Ubuntu Desktop Download Mirror

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Ubuntu Desktop Download Mirror Software
Ubuntu Desktop Download Mirror Windows
Ubuntu Desktop 20.04 supports a single ZFS boot drive out of the box. I wanted a ZFS mirror, without going through an entirely manual setup of Ubuntu as described by OpenZFS
Desktop image for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (standard download) ubuntu-18.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso.torrent: 2020-08-13 17:02: 164K: Desktop image for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (BitTorrent download) ubuntu-18.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso.zsync: 2020-08-13 17:02: 4.1M: Desktop image for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (zsync metafile) ubuntu-18.04.5. In a computer, an easy way to change that from Ubuntu desktop to launch Software & Update program and change the download from field to a mirror in your country or neighboring country as shown below. But I've found myself mostly connecting to boards over SSH since it's easier that way for reviews. CD images for Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTS (Xenial Xerus) 64-bit PC (AMD64) server install image. Choose this if you have a computer based on the AMD64 or EM64T architecture (e.g., Athlon64, Opteron, EM64T Xeon, Core 2).
This adds a mirror to an existing Ubuntu ZFS boot drive after the fact.
ZFS requires native encryption to be added at pool / dataset creation. These instructions are not suitable for creating an encrypted ZFS boot disk, please use the full instructions linked above for that. You can, however, add an encrypted dataset after the fact: You could encrypt just the portion of your file system that holds secrets.
Note: If your use case is running docker instances, and not a full-fledged Ubuntu install, then take a look at TrueNAS SCALE, which will manage the ZFS parts for you.
It can also be worthwhile to boot from a regular ext4 disk, whether single or mirrored, and then use a ZFS mirror pool for just /home and /var. In that case these instructions aren't needed.
ZFS has a few advantages that are good to have
It uses checksums, which means that hardware failure and disk corruption will be detected and flagged during regular 'scrub' operations
It supports mirrors, which means that even with a failed drive, data is not lost
It is a Copy-on-Write file system, which means that snapshots are fast to create and fast to roll back to (seconds), and onlytake as much space as what was written after their creation. They can be created on a per-dataset basis.
It has the concept of datasets, making it easy to take snapshots of specific portions of the file system, as desired. Automated ZFS snapshots with a rotation lifetime make a lot of sense.
It can expand the size of a vdev by replacing first one, then the other drive with a larger one.
ZFS functions unlike traditional file systems such as ext4. Ars Technica has a good introduction to ZFS.
Assumptions and requirementsAll drives will be formatted. These instructions are not suitable for dual-boot
No hardware or software RAID is to be used, these would keep ZFS from detecting disk errors and correcting them. In UEFI, set controller modeto AHCI, not RAID.
These instructions are specific to UEFI systems and GPT. If you have an older BIOS/MBR system, please use the full instructions linked above
Initial Ubuntu installationInstall from an Ubuntu Desktop 20.04 install USB. Ubuntu Server does not offer ZFS boot disk.
For the 'Erase disk and install Ubuntu' option, click 'Advanced Features' and choose 'Experimental ZFS'
Continue install as normal and boot into Ubuntu
Ubuntu Desktop Iso DownloadAdd second driveAll work will be done from CLI. Open a Terminal. In the following, use copy & paste extensively, it'll help avoid typos. Right-click in Terminal pastes.
Update Ubuntu: sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade
Find the names of your two disks: ls -l /dev/disk/by-id. The first disk will have four partitions, the second none.
Let's set variables for those disk paths so we can refer to them in the following
Install tools: sudo apt install -y gdisk mdadm grub-efi-amd64
Create partitions on second driveList partitions: sudo sgdisk -p $DISK1, you expect to see four of them
Change swap partition type: sudo sgdisk -t2:FD00 $DISK1
Copy partition table from disk 1 to disk 2: sudo sgdisk -R$DISK2 $DISK1
Change GUID of second disk: sudo sgdisk -G $DISK2
Mirror boot poolConfirm that disk 1 partition 3 is the device in the bpool by comparing 'Partition unique GUID' to the device id shown in zpool status: sudo sgdisk -i3 $DISK1 and zpool status bpool
Get GUID of partition 3 on disk 2: sudo sgdisk -i3 $DISK2
Add that partition to the pool: sudo zpool attach bpool EXISTING-UID /dev/disk/by-partuuid/DISK2-PART3-GUID, for example sudo zpool attach bpool ac78ee0c-2d8d-3641-97dc-eb8b50abd492 /dev/disk/by-partuuid/8e1830b3-4e59-459c-9c02-a09c80428052
Verify with zpool status bpool. You expect to see mirror-0 now, which has been resilvered
Mirror root poolConfirm that disk 1 partition 4 is the device in the rpool by comparing 'Partition unique GUID' to the device id shown in zpool status: sudo sgdisk -i4 $DISK1 and zpool status rpool
Get GUID of partition 4 on disk 2: sudo sgdisk -i4 $DISK2
Add that partition to the pool: sudo zpool attach rpool EXISTING-UID /dev/disk/by-partuuid/DISK2-PART4-GUID, for example sudo zpool attach rpool d9844f27-a1f8-3049-9831-77b51318d9a7 /dev/disk/by-partuuid/d9844f27-a1f8-3049-9831-77b51318d9a7
Verify with zpool status rpool. You expect to see mirror-0 now, which either is resilvering or has been resilvered
Mirror swapRemove existing swap: sudo swapoff -a
Remove the swap mount line in /etc/fstab: sudo nano /etc/fstab, find the swap line at the end of the file and delete it, then save with Ctrl-x
Create software mirror drive for swap: sudo mdadm --create /dev/md0 --metadata=1.2 --level=mirror --raid-devices=2 ${DISK1}-part2 ${DISK2}-part2
Configure it for swap: sudo mkswap -f /dev/md0
Place it into fstab: sudo sh -c 'echo UUID=$(sudo blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/md0) none swap discard 0 0 >> /etc/fstab'
Verify that line is in fstab: cat /etc/fstab
Use the new swap: sudo swapon -a
And verify: swapon -s
Move GRUB boot menu to ZFSVerify grub can 'see' the ZFS boot pool: sudo grub-probe /boot
Create EFI file system on second disk: sudo mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${DISK2}-part1
Remove /boot/grub from fstab: sudo nano /etc/fstab, find the line for /boot/grub and remove it. Leave the line for /boot/efi in place. Save with Ctrl-x.
Unmount /boot/grub: sudo umount /boot/grub
Verify with df -h, /boot should be mounted on rpool/BOOT/ubuntu_UID, /boot/efi on /dev/sda1 or similar depending on device name of your first disk, and no /boot/grub
Remove /boot/grub: sudo rm -rf /boot/grub
And create a ZFS dataset for it: sudo zfs create -o com.ubuntu.zsys:bootfs=no bpool/grub
Refresh initrd files: sudo update-initramfs -c -k all
Disable memory zeroing to address a performance regression of ZFS on Linux: sudo nano /etc/default/grub and add init_on_alloc=0 to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT, it'll likely look like this: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT='quiet splash init_on_alloc=0'. Save with Ctrl-x
Update the boot config: sudo update-grub and ignore any errors you may see from osprober
Install GRUB to the ESP: sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=ubuntu --recheck --no-floppy
Disable grub-initrd-fallback.service: sudo systemctl mask grub-initrd-fallback.service. This is the service for /boot/grub/grubenv which does not work on mirrored or raidz topologies. Disabling this keeps it from blocking subsequent mounts of /boot/grub if that mount ever fails.
Reboot and install GRUB to second diskCross fingers and reboot! sudo reboot
Once back up, open a Terminal again and install GRUB to second disk: sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-efi-amd64 , keep defaults and when it comes to system partitions, use space bar to selectfirst partition on both drives, e.g. /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1
And for good measure signed efi: sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-efi-amd64-signed , this should finish without prompting you
If you like, you can remove the primary drive and reboot. You expect reboot to take a little longer, and to be successful. zpool status should show degraded pools without error
Replacing a failed driveBest 1tb storage device. If a mirrored drive fails, you can replace it by following a similar method as adding a second drive in the first place.
First, find the id of the replacement drive with ls -l /dev/disk/by-id and create a variable for it: Graphics freeware download.
The new drive may already contain ZFS or mdadm signatures. Check using sudo wipefs $NEWDISK. If that output is not empty, run sudo wipefs -a $NEWDISK.
Create partition table on replacement diskCopy partition table from existing disk to replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -R$NEWDISK /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-EXISTING-DRIVE
Change GUID of replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -G $NEWDISK
Repair boot poolGet the ID of the 'UNAVAIL' disk on bpool with zpool status bpool
Get GUID of partition 3 on the replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -i3 $NEWDISK
Replace the failed member with that partition: sudo zpool replace bpool EXISTING-UID /dev/disk/by-partuuid/NEWDISK-PART4-GUID, for example sudo zpool replace bpool 6681469899058372901 /dev/disk/by-partuuid/06f5ef6d-cb69-45e8-ad3b-c69cad5c216a
Verify with zpool status bpool. You expect to see state 'ONLINE' for the pool and both devices in mirror-0.
Repair root poolGet the ID of the 'UNAVAIL' disk on rpool with zpool status rpool
Get GUID of partition 4 on the replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -i4 $NEWDISK
Replace the failed member with that partition: sudo zpool replace rpool EXISTING-UID /dev/disk/by-partuuid/NEWDISK-PART4-GUID, for example sudo zpool replace rpool 8712274632631823759 /dev/disk/by-partuuid/8c4ec74f-cd4d-4048-bfca-b4a58756563d
Verify with zpool status rpool. You expect to see state 'ONLINE' for the pool and both devices in mirror-0, or state 'DEGRADED' for the pool with 'resilver in progress' and a 'replacing-0' entry under 'mirror-0'
Repair swapVerify that the failed disk shows as 'removed': sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0
Add partition 2 of the replacement disk: sudo mdadm /dev/md0 --add ${NEWDISK}-part2
And verify that you can see 'spare rebuilding' or 'active sync': sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0
Repair EFICreate EFI file system on replacement disk: sudo mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${NEWDISK}-part1
Install GRUB to replacement disk: sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-efi-amd64 , keep defaults and when it comes to system partitions, use space bar to select first partition on both drives, e.g. /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1
And for good measure signed efi: sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-efi-amd64-signed , this should finish without prompting you
TestIf you like, test by rebooting: sudo reboot, and confirm that pools are healthy after reboot with zpool status
Increasing drive spaceSimilar to replacing a failed drive, just that partition 4, the rpool partition, will be bigger. Wait for resilver after replacement, then replace the second drive. Once both drives have been replaced, rpool has the new capacity.
First, find the id of the replacement drive with ls -l /dev/disk/by-id and create a variable for it:
The new drive may already contain ZFS or mdadm signatures. Check using sudo wipefs $NEWDISK. If that output is not empty, run sudo wipefs -a $NEWDISK.
Create partition table on replacement diskCopy partition table from existing disk to replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -R$NEWDISK /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-EXISTING-DRIVE
Change GUID of replacement disk: sudo sgdisk -G $NEWDISK
Remove partition 4: sudo sgdisk -d4 $NEWDISK
Recreate partition 4 with maximum size: sudo sgdisk -n4:0:0 -t4:BF00 $NEWDISK
Tell the kernel to use the new partition table: sudo partprobe
Tell ZFS to use expanded space automatically: sudo zpool set autoexpand=on rpool
Repair boot pool, root pool, swap and EFIFollow the instructions under 'Replacing a failed drive', starting from 'Repair boot pool'. Wait for resilver to complete afterwards. Then, run through these instructions again, replacing the second drive. Once resilver is done a second time, you will have the new capacity on the rpool.
The ZFS Boot Menu project aims to provide a cleaner, FreeBSD-ish boot experience complete with boot environments and full support for native ZFS encryption. Community instructions for Debian exist and could be adapted to Ubuntu by way of blending them with the OpenZFS Ubuntu instructions.
If you get that up and running on Ubuntu, please share the instructions!
I did a walkthrough of these instructions.
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TeamViewer PortableTeamViewer Portable generally comprises all the features of the full version of TeamViewer without the need to install anything. Instead, TeamViewer portable runs directly from a USB stick or a CD — TeamViewer Portable is the perfect solution when you are on the road and using different computers.
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Immediate assistance:
TeamViewer QuickSupportUbuntu Desktop WallpaperOptimized for instant remote desktop support, this small customer module does not require installation or administrator rights — simply download, double click, and give the provided ID and password to your supporter.
Join a meeting:
TeamViewer QuickJoinEasily join meetings or presentations and collaborate online with this customer module. It requires no installation or administrator rights — just download, double click, and enter the session data given to you by your meeting organizer.
TeamViewer MSI packageTeamViewer MSI is an alternative installation package for the full version of TeamViewer or for TeamViewer Host. TeamViewer MSI is used to deploy TeamViewer via Group Policy (GPO) in an Active Directory domain.
To download, log in to your account in the Management Console; go to the Design & Deploy section; and create a custom host or edit your existing custom host. In the customization menu, you will have the option to download your MSI package.
Please note: TeamViewer MSI is only available with a Corporate license.
TeamViewer PortableTeamViewer Portable generally comprises all the features of the full version of TeamViewer without the need to install anything. Instead, TeamViewer portable runs directly from a USB stick or a CD — TeamViewer Portable is the perfect solution when you are on the road and using different computers.
Unattended access:
TeamViewer HostTeamViewer Host is used for 24/7 access to remote computers, which makes it an ideal solution for uses such as remote monitoring, server maintenance, or connecting to a PC or Mac in the office or at home. Install TeamViewer Host on an unlimited number of computers and devices. As a licensed user, you have access to them all!
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